Scandinavia is the geography created by the countries in Northern Europe. Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Iceland and Finland are Scandinavian countries. The languages of these countries are similar. This community of languages is called the Scandinavian languages. Scandinavian design emerged in the 1920s and spread all over the world towards the 1950s. As a result of the general needs arising from rapid industrialization after the Second World War, the “modern movement” based on Louis Sullivan’s principle “form follows function” manifests itself. As this movement spreads, a “social democracy” is emerging in the north of Europe, which is the mainstay of Scandinavian design . This understanding, which covers every field, also affects the designs. Its designs find its reflection in architecture with the approach of making a whole feature accessible to every individual. We can summarize the basic principles of Scandinavian design as follows: designs suitable for everyone.
They reveal designs that emerge with the desire to live as a part of the nature to which the people of the North owe their existence in their designs; they aim to create a simplicity, natural products, functional materials, easy and useful, spacious environments, as well as being simple and free from any excesses This mindset operates not only in living areas, but also in all areas from furniture to accessories, tools and equipment to fashion designs. The Villa Mairea, designed by Alvar Aalto between 1937 and 1939, is among the best examples of this. While aiming to establish close contact with nature with the high windows opening towards the trees in addition to the structural elements, it also allows natural light to reveal itself in the interior.
The use of natural materials and products is preferred in these Scandinavian designs arising from the desire of man, one of the main elements of nature, to integrate with nature. Wood and other materials are used to create warmer environments visually and physically, while at the same time providing the needed values of naturalness. , wall covering products and wooden stairs create a warm and intimate environment in the environment.
The use of natural light is very important in Scandinavia. Located in the north of the northern hemisphere, this area directs designers to make designs that can benefit from natural light, which directly affects human health, happiness and productivity, for this season, where the winter months are long and dark.
Regardless of the time of the year, the people living in this region embraces the areas outside their buildings and the places they live in the same way. While it is seen that it shapes the space, it is among the features that stand out at first glance with its spaciousness effect besides the use of light. All Scandinavian designs are designed on the basis of functional design and efficiency while offering the effect of warmth and comfort.